Mvura isingadziviriri yekork jira inonamira machira echikadzi shangu nemabhegi

The softwood cork tree (inonzi cork oak kune dzimwe nyika) yakaoma kuenderana nekutonhora kwakanyanya uye kutonhora kwemamiriro okunze. Inowanzokura mumasango emakomo pahupamhi hwe400-2000 metres munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzakadzikama. Mukati mehupamhi hwe32 kusvika 35 madhigirii kuchamhembe latitude, zviwanikwa zvekork zvinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo zhinji dzemakomo dzinosangana nemamiriro ekunze uye ekunze. Semuenzaniso, Portugal, Spain, nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kweFrance, pamwe neMakomo eQinba munyika yangu, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweHenan, Algeria, nezvimwewo.
Portugal inotungamira pasirese mukutengesa kork kunze kwenyika uye inozivikanwa se "Kingdom of Cork" nekuda kweiyo yakakosha mamiriro ekunze eMedithera, ayo akakodzera kukura kwekoki mbishi zvinhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, Portugal ndiyo yekutanga pasirese mukuvandudza zviwanikwa zvekoreki, kutengesa kunze kwenyika zvigadzirwa, uye kudzika kugadzirwa kwezvinhu. imwe yenyika. Kugadzira softwood kuAlgeria kuri pakati pepamusoro-soro pasi rose.
Makomo eQinba muShaanxi, nyika yangu, anewo zviwanikwa zvekork, anoverengera zvinopfuura 50% yezviwanikwa zvekork yenyika. Naizvozvo, Shaanxi anozivikanwa se "Cork Capital" muindasitiri. Tichivimba nerubatsiro urwu rwekushandisa, vagadziri vakuru vepamba cork vanonyanya kutariswa pano.
Cork inoumbwa nemasero akati sandarara akarongwa radially. Iyo sero mhango kazhinji ine resin uye tannin makomisheni, uye maseru anozadzwa nemhepo. Nokudaro, cork inowanzova nemavara, yakareruka uye yakapfava, yakanyunguduka, isingapindiki, isingasviki nemigumisiro yemakemikari, uye inoshaya conductor yemagetsi, kupisa uye inzwi. Iyo inoumbwa negumi nemana-mativi maseru akafa akarongwa radially kubva kune mumwe mune hexagonal prism pateni. Yakajairika sero dhayamita i30 microns uye sero ukobvu i1 kusvika 2 microns. Kune ma ducts pakati pemasero. Nzvimbo iri pakati pemaseru maviri akatarisana inoumbwa nezvikamu zvishanu, zviviri zvacho zvine fibrous, zvichiteverwa nezvikamu zviviri zvakaiswa pasi, uye danda rehuni pakati. Kune masero anodarika mamiriyoni makumi mashanu pa 1 cubic centimita. .
hunhu
Ichi chimiro chinoita kuti ganda rekork rive rakanaka kwazvo elasticity, kuvhara, kupisa kwekupisa, kuvharidzira inzwi, kuvharwa kwemagetsi uye kusagadzikana kwekupokana. Pamusoro pezvo, haina chepfu, haina kunhuwa, idiki mune yakananga giravhiti, yakapfava pakubata, uye haisi nyore kubata moto. Haisati ichine zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa neMunhu zvinofananidzwa. Panyaya yemakemikari zvivakwa, musanganiswa we ester wakaumbwa neanoverengeka hydroxy fatty acids uye phenolic acids inhengo yehunhu yekork, pamwe chete inonzi suberin.
Rudzi urwu rwezvinhu runoshingirira mukuora uye kurwisa kwemakemikari. Nokudaro, kunze kwekuve inoparadza kune yakasanganiswa nitric acid, yakanyanyisa sulfuric acid, chlorine, iodine, nezvimwewo, haina chemikemikari pamvura, girisi, peturu, organic acids, munyu, esters, nezvimwewo. mashandisirwo, akadai sezvivhariso zvemabhodhoro, zvidzitiro zvekudzivirira zvemidziyo yefiriji, lifebuoys, mapaneru ekuvharisa ruzha, nezvimwe.
Products
① Natural cork zvigadzirwa. Mushure mekubika, kunyorova uye kuomesa, inotemwa zvakananga, yakadhindwa, yakashandurwa uye dzimwe nzira dzekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa senge mapulagi, mapadhi, mabasa emaoko, nezvimwe.
② Yakabikwa cork zvigadzirwa. Zvinhu zvakasara zvezvigadzirwa zvekork zvechisikigo zvinopwanyika uye zvinomanikidzwa kuita maumbirwo, zvakabikwa muchoto pa 260 kusvika 316 ° C kwemaawa 1 kusvika ku1,5, uye zvino zvakanyoroveswa muzvidhinha zvekork kuitira kudzika-kupisa. Inogona zvakare kugadzirwa ne superheated steam yekudziya nzira.
③Cemented cork zvigadzirwa. Cork fine particles inosanganiswa nehupfu uye zvinonamirwa (senge resin, rabha) uye inotsikirirwa muzvigadzirwa zvesimende, senge pasi veneers, mabhodhi ekuisa ruzha, mabhodhi ekudzivirira kupisa, nezvimwewo, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhepo, ngarava, muchina, kuvaka, nezvimwewo.
④Cork rabha zvigadzirwa. Yakagadzirwa nekork poda seyakabikwa uye inenge 70% yerubha yemukati. Iyo ine compressibility yekork uye elasticity yerabha. Inonyanya kushandiswa seyepamusoro-mhando yakaderera uye yepakati-kumanikidza static yekuisa chisimbiso zvinhu zveinjini, nezvimwewo, uye inogona zvakare kushandiswa se-anti-seismic, inonzwika insulation, friction zvinhu, nezvimwe.