PU ndiyo chidimbu cheChirungu poly urethane, kemikari yeChinese zita "polyurethane". PU dehwe ndiro ganda re polyurethane zvikamu. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutakura, zvipfeko, shangu, mota nekushongedza fenicha.
Pu dehwe imhando yeganda rekugadzira, kuumbwa kwayo kunonyanya kusanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:
1. Substrate: Kazhinji shandisa fiber jira, fiber firimu uye zvimwe zvinhu sechinhu chiri pasi pekuvandudza kusimba uye kusimba kwePu dehwe.
2. Emulsion: Kusarudzwa kwekugadzira resin emulsion kana emulsion yechisikigo sechinhu chinoputira chinogona kuvandudza mararamiro uye unyoro hwePu ganda.
3. Additives: kusanganisira plasticizers, masanganiswa, solvents, ultraviolet absorbers, nezvimwewo, izvi zvinowedzera zvinogona kuvandudza simba, kusimba, kudzivirira kwemvura, kusvibiswa kwekusvibiswa uye UV kupikisa kwePu yeganda.
4. Astringent media: Astringent media inowanzoita acidifier, inoshandiswa kudzora pH kukosha kwePu yeganda, kuitira kufambisa kusanganiswa kwekuvhara uye substrate, kuitira kuti Pu yeganda rive nechitarisiko chakanaka uye hupenyu.
Izvo zviri pamusoro ndizvo zvikamu zvikuru zvePu ganda, zvichienzaniswa neganda rechisikigo, Pu dehwe rinogona kuve rakareruka, risingapinde mvura uye rakachipa, asi magadzirirwo, permeability uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaderera zvishoma kune rechisikigo dehwe.
KuChina, vanhu vanoshandiswa kushandisa PU resin semidziyo yekugadzira ganda rekugadzira rinonzi PU artificial leather (inonzi PU dehwe); Dehwe reArtificial rakagadzirwa nePU resin uye jira risiri rakarukwa semidziyo yakabikwa inonzi PU synthetic leather (inonzi sematehwe ekugadzira). Itsika kureva marudzi matatu ari pamusoro ematehwe sematehwe ekugadzira. Unoitumidza sei? Inoda kubatanidzwa uye kuenzanisa kuti ipe zita rakakodzera.
Artificial dehwe uye ganda rekugadzira chikamu chakakosha cheindasitiri yepurasitiki uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana ehupfumi hwenyika. Dehwe reArtificial, kugadzirwa kwematehwe munyika kune makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu enhoroondo yebudiriro, China yakatanga kugadzira nekugadzira dehwe rekugadzira kubva 1958, ndiko kusimudzira kwekutanga muindasitiri yepurasitiki yeChina. Mumakore achangopfuura, kusimukira kweChina indasitiri yematehwe uye yeganda rekugadzira hakusi chete kukura kwemitsara yekugadzira michina yemabhizinesi ekugadzira, kukura kwechigadzirwa gore negore, marudzi nemavara zvinowedzera gore negore, asiwo kusimukira kweindasitiri ine sangano rayo reindasitiri, kune kubatana kukuru, kunogona kuisa China yedehwe rekugadzira uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira pamwe chete zvine chekuita nematehwe. Yakagadziridzwa kuita indasitiri ine simba rakakura.
Kutevera PVC yematehwe ekugadzira, PU synthetic dehwe mushure memakore anopfuura makumi matatu ekutsvagisa kwakatsaurirwa uye kuvandudzwa nenyanzvi dzesainzi uye tekinoroji, sechinzvimbo chakakodzera chematehwe echisikigo, yakawana budiriro yetekinoroji.
PU yakavharwa pamusoro pemucheka yakatanga kuoneka mumusika muma1950s, uye muna 1964, iyo United States DuPont kambani yakagadzira PU synthetic dehwe repamusoro. Mushure mekunge kambani yeJapan yamisa seti yemitsara yekugadzira ine gore negore inobuda 600,000 square metres, mushure memakore anopfuura makumi maviri ekuenderera mberi kwekutsvaga nekusimudzira, PU synthetic dehwe iri kukura nekukurumidza mumhando yechigadzirwa, zvakasiyana, kana kubuda. Kuita kwayo kuri kuswedera pedyo nekuswedera pedyo nematehwe echisikigo, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinotopfuura ganda rechisikigo, kusvika pachiyero chechokwadi uye chenhema nematehwe echisikigo, achitora chinzvimbo chakakosha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevanhu.
Nhasi, Japan ndiyo inogadzira yakakura kwazvo yematehwe ekugadzira, uye zvigadzirwa zvemakambani akati wandei akadai seCoroli, Teijin, Toray, uye Bell Textile zvinomiririra mwero webudiriro yenyika muma1990s. Iyo fiber uye isina-yakarukwa machira ekugadzira ari kusimukira akananga ku-ultra-fine, high-density uye yakakwirira isina-yakarukwa maitiro. Yayo PU yekugadzira yakananga kwainoenda kuPU kupararira, PU mvura emulsion, chigadzirwa chekushandisa munda chiri kuramba chichiwedzera, kubva pakutanga kweshangu, mabhegi kusvika kune zvipfeko, bhora, kushongedzwa uye mamwe akakosha maficha ekushandisa, mukati mese maficha ePeople's Daily life.
Artificial dehwe
Artificial dehwe ndiyo yekutanga kugadzirwa kwematehwe machira anotsiva, akagadzirwa nePVC pamwe neplasticizer uye zvimwe zvinowedzera akakungurutswa composite pamucheka, mukana wacho wakachipa, wakapfuma ruvara, akasiyana mapatani, iyo yakashata iri nyore kuomesa, brittle. PU synthetic dehwe rinoshandiswa kutsiva PVC yematehwe ekugadzira, mutengo wayo wakakwira kupfuura PVC yematehwe ekugadzira. Kubva pakugadzirwa kwemakemikari, iri pedyo nemucheka weganda, haishandisi plasticizers kuti iwane zvinyoro zvinyoro, saka haizove yakaoma, brittle, uye ine zvikomborero zvemuvara wakapfuma, maitiro akasiyana-siyana, uye mutengo unodhura kudarika mucheka weganda, saka inogamuchirwa nevatengi.
Kune imwe mhando yePU yematehwe, kazhinji divi rakatarisana ndiro rechipiri rematehwe, rakaputirwa nepuresheni yePU resin pamusoro, saka inonzi zvakare firimu dehwe. Mutengo wayo wakachipa uye mwero wekushandisa wakakwira. Nekuchinja kwemaitiro kunoitwawo kuita mamakisi akasiyana-siyana emhando, akadai seakaunzwa maviri akaturikidzana ematehwe, nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika maitiro, yakagadzikana mhando, novel mhando uye humwe hunhu, hwepamusoro-giredhi rematehwe, mutengo uye giredhi hazvisi zvishoma pane yekutanga layer yematehwe. PU matehwe uye mabhegi chaiwo ematehwe ane maitiro avo, mabhegi ematehwe ePU anotaridzika akanaka, ari nyore kutarisira, mutengo wakaderera, asi usingapfeki, nyore kuputsika; Dehwe chairo rinodhura uye rinonetsa kutarisira, asi rinogara.
Mucheka wematehwe uye PVC yakagadzirwa nematehwe, pu synthetic leather ine nzira mbiri dzekusiyanisa: kutanga, chiyero chekunyorova kweganda, ganda rakanyanya kunyorova, pu yakaoma, saka mazhinji epu anoshandiswa mune shangu dzematehwe; Chechipiri ndechokushandisa nzira yekupisa uye kunyunguduka kusiyanisa, nzira yacho ndeyokutora chidimbu chiduku chejira pamoto, jira rematehwe harizonyunguduki, uye PVC yakagadzirwa neganda, PU synthetic leather ichanyunguduka.
Musiyano uripo pakati pePVC yeganda rekugadzira uye PU synthetic leather inogona kusiyaniswa nenzira yekunyura mupeturu, iyo nzira ndeyekushandisa chidimbu chidiki chejira, kuiisa mupeturu kwehafu yeawa, wozoiburitsa kunze, kana iri PVC yematehwe ekugadzira, inova yakaoma uye brittle, kana iri PU yakaoma, isingaite yeganda.
Matehwe echisikigo nekuda kweakanakisa maitiro echisikigo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva uye zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri, asi nekukura kwehuwandu hwepasirese, kudiwa kwevanhu kwematehwe kwakapetwa kaviri, nhamba shoma yematehwe echisikigo yakagara isingakwanisi kuita zvinodiwa nevanhu. Kuti agadzirise kupokana uku, masayendisiti akatanga kutsvagisa uye kugadzira matehwe ekugadzira uye ekugadzira dehwe makumi emakore apfuura kuti agadzirise kushomeka kwematehwe echisikigo. Iyo nhoroondo yeanopfuura makore makumi mashanu ekutsvagisa maitiro ekugadzira matehwe uye ekugadzira matehwe anonetsa echisikigo dehwe.
Masayendisiti akatanga nekudzidza nekuongorora maumbirwo emakemikari uye kurongeka kwematehwe echisikigo, kutanga nenitrocellulose linoleum, uye kupinda muPVC yematehwe ekugadzira, inova chizvarwa chekutanga cheganda rekugadzira. Pahwaro uhwu, masayendisiti akaita kuvandudzwa kwakawanda uye kuongorora, kutanga kune zvese, kuvandudzwa kweiyo substrate, uyezve kugadziridzwa nekuvandudzwa kweiyo coating resin. Pakazosvika 1970s, jira risiri rakarukwa refiber yakagadzirwa rakaonekwa richida kupinda mumambure, richibatana mumambure uye mamwe maitiro, kuitira kuti chigadziko chive nechikamu chakaita selotus, hollow faibha, kuwana porous chimiro, uye kusangana nemambure magadzirirwo zvinodiwa zvedehwe rechisikigo; Panguva iyoyo, iyo yepamusoro yeganda rekugadzira yakakwanisa kuwana micro-porous polyurethane layer, iyo yakaenzana neiyo gorosi pamusoro peganda rechisikigo, kuitira kuti chitarisiko uye chimiro chemukati chePU synthetic dehwe zvishoma nezvishoma pedyo nedehwe rechisikigo, zvimwe zvimiro zvemuviri zviri pedyo neindekisi yematehwe echisikigo, uye ruvara rwakanyanya kupenya kupfuura rechisikigo dehwe; Kupeta kupeta pane tembiricha yekamuri kunosvika kanopfuura miriyoni imwe nguva, uye kupeta kupeta pakudziya kwakaderera kunogonawo kusvika padanho reganda rechisikigo.
Kubuda kwe microfiber PU synthetic dehwe chizvarwa chechitatu chematehwe ekugadzira. Iro jira risiri rakarukwa rematatu-dimensional dhizaini network rinogadzira mamiriro eganda rekugadzira kuti ribate neganda rechisikigo maererano ne substrate. Ichi chigadzirwa, chakasanganiswa neichangobva kugadzirwa PU slurry impregnation ine yakavhurika sero chimiro uye tekinoroji yekugadzirisa yecomposite pamusoro pedenga, inopa yakakura nzvimbo uye kunyudzwa kwemvura kwakasimba kweiyo microfiber, ichiita iyo yekupedzisira-yakanaka PU synthetic dehwe kuve neyakagadzika kunyura hunyoro hwechisikigo dehwe reiyo collagera- bundle kubva mukati meiyo collagen nyaya, iyo yemukati faibha isina chinhu. Kana kutaridzika kwechimiro uye chimiro chemuviri uye nekupfeka kwevanhu kunyaradza, kunogona kufananidzwa nepamusoro-giredhi remhando yematehwe. Uye zvakare, iyo microfiber synthetic dehwe inodarika ganda rechisikigo mukupikisa kwemakemikari, kufanana kwemhando, kugadzirwa kwakakura uye kugadzirisa kuchinjika, kusapinda kwemvura, anti-mildew nezvimwe zvinhu.
Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti zvakanakisa zvimiro zveganda rekugadzira hazvigone kutsiviwa nematehwe echisikigo, kubva pakuongorora kwemusika wepamba nekune dzimwe nyika, ganda rekugadzira rakatsivawo nhamba huru yematehwe echisikigo asina kukwana zviwanikwa. Kushandiswa kweganda rekugadzira uye ganda rekugadzira kuita mabhegi, zvipfeko, shangu, mota uye kushongedza fenicha, kwave kuwedzera kuzivikanwa nemusika, huwandu hwayo hwekushandisa, huwandu hweakakura, akawanda marudzi, ndiyo yechinyakare ganda reganda risingakwanise kusangana.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-29-2024
