PU ndiyo chidimbu cheChirungu poly urethane, kemikari yeChinese zita "polyurethane". PU dehwe ndiro ganda re polyurethane zvikamu. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutakura, zvipfeko, shangu, mota nekushongedza fenicha.
Pu dehwe imhando yeganda rekugadzira, kuumbwa kwayo kunonyanya kusanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:
1. Substrate: Kazhinji shandisa fiber jira, fiber firimu uye zvimwe zvinhu sechinhu chiri pasi pekuvandudza kusimba uye kusimba kwePu dehwe.
2. Emulsion: Kusarudzwa kwekugadzira resin emulsion kana emulsion yechisikigo sechinhu chinoputira chinogona kuvandudza mararamiro uye unyoro hwePu ganda.
3. Additives: kusanganisira plasticizers, masanganiswa, solvents, ultraviolet absorbers, nezvimwewo, izvi zvinowedzera zvinogona kuvandudza simba, kusimba, kudzivirira kwemvura, kusvibiswa kwekusvibiswa uye UV kupikisa kwePu yeganda.
4. Astringent media: Astringent media inowanzoita acidifier, inoshandiswa kudzora pH kukosha kwePu yeganda, kuitira kufambisa kusanganiswa kwekuvhara uye substrate, kuitira kuti Pu yeganda rive nechitarisiko chakanaka uye hupenyu.
Izvo zviri pamusoro ndizvo zvikamu zvikuru zvePu ganda, zvichienzaniswa neganda rechisikigo, Pu dehwe rinogona kuve rakareruka, risingapinde mvura uye rakachipa, asi magadzirirwo, permeability uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaderera zvishoma kune rechisikigo dehwe.
KuChina, vanhu vanoshandiswa kushandisa PU resin semidziyo yekugadzira ganda rekugadzira rinonzi PU artificial leather (inonzi PU dehwe); Dehwe reArtificial rakagadzirwa nePU resin uye jira risiri rakarukwa semidziyo yakabikwa inonzi PU synthetic leather (inonzi sematehwe ekugadzira). Itsika kureva marudzi matatu ari pamusoro ematehwe sematehwe ekugadzira. Unoitumidza sei? Inoda kubatanidzwa uye kuenzanisa kuti ipe zita rakakodzera.
Artificial dehwe uye ganda rekugadzira chikamu chakakosha cheindasitiri yepurasitiki uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana ehupfumi hwenyika. Dehwe reArtificial, kugadzirwa kwematehwe munyika kune makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu enhoroondo yebudiriro, China yakatanga kugadzira nekugadzira dehwe rekugadzira kubva 1958, ndiko kusimudzira kwekutanga muindasitiri yepurasitiki yeChina. Mumakore achangopfuura, kuvandudzwa kweChina yekugadzira matehwe uye yekugadzira indasitiri yematehwe hakusi chete kukura kwemichina yekugadzira mitsara yemabhizinesi ekugadzira, chigadzirwa chinobuda gore negore, marudzi uye mavara anowedzera gore negore, asiwo kukura kweindastiri. Yayo indasitiri sangano, kune yakakura kubatana, iyo inogona kuisa yeChina yekugadzira matehwe uye ekugadzira mabhizinesi ematehwe, kusanganisira maindasitiri ane hukama akarongwa pamwechete. Yakagadziridzwa kuita indasitiri ine simba rakakura.
Kutevera PVC yematehwe ekugadzira, PU synthetic dehwe mushure memakore anopfuura makumi matatu ekutsvagisa kwakatsaurirwa uye kuvandudzwa nenyanzvi dzesainzi uye tekinoroji, sechinzvimbo chakakodzera chematehwe echisikigo, yakawana budiriro yetekinoroji.
PU yakavharwa pamusoro pemucheka yakatanga kuoneka mumusika muma1950s, uye muna 1964, iyo United States DuPont kambani yakagadzira PU synthetic dehwe repamusoro. Mushure mekunge kambani yeJapan yamisa seti yemitsara yekugadzira ine gore negore inobuda 600,000 square metres, mushure memakore anopfuura makumi maviri ekuenderera mberi kwekutsvaga nekusimudzira, PU synthetic dehwe iri kukura nekukurumidza mumhando yechigadzirwa, zvakasiyana, kana kubuda. Kuita kwayo kuri kuswedera pedyo nekuswedera pedyo nematehwe echisikigo, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinotopfuura ganda rechisikigo, kusvika pachiyero chechokwadi uye chenhema nematehwe echisikigo, achitora chinzvimbo chakakosha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevanhu.
Nhasi, Japan ndiyo inogadzira yakakura kwazvo yematehwe ekugadzira, uye zvigadzirwa zvemakambani akati wandei akadai seCoroli, Teijin, Toray, uye Bell Textile zvinomiririra mwero webudiriro yenyika muma1990s. Iyo fiber uye isina-yakarukwa machira ekugadzira ari kusimukira akananga ku-ultra-fine, high-density uye yakakwirira isina-yakarukwa maitiro. Yayo PU yekugadzira yakananga kwainoenda kuPU kupararira, PU mvura emulsion, chigadzirwa chekushandisa munda chiri kuramba chichiwedzera, kubva pakutanga kweshangu, mabhegi kusvika kune zvipfeko, bhora, kushongedzwa uye mamwe akakosha maficha ekushandisa, mukati mese maficha ePeople's Daily life.
Artificial dehwe
Artificial dehwe ndiyo yekutanga kugadzirwa kwematehwe machira anotsiva, akagadzirwa nePVC pamwe neplasticizer uye zvimwe zvinowedzera akakungurutswa composite pamucheka, mukana wacho wakachipa, wakapfuma ruvara, akasiyana mapatani, iyo yakashata iri nyore kuomesa, brittle. PU synthetic dehwe rinoshandiswa kutsiva PVC yematehwe ekugadzira, mutengo wayo wakakwira kupfuura PVC yematehwe ekugadzira. Kubva pachimiro chemakemikari, iri padyo nemucheka wematehwe, haishandisi mapurasitiki kuti iwane zvinyoro zvinyoro, saka haizove yakaoma, brittle, uye ine zvakanakira ruvara rwakapfuma, akasiyana siyana mapatani, uye mutengo uri. yakachipa kupfuura jira rematehwe, saka inogamuchirwa nevatengi.
Kune imwe mhando yePU yematehwe, kazhinji divi rakatarisana ndiro rechipiri rematehwe, rakaputirwa nepuresheni yePU resin pamusoro, saka inonzi zvakare firimu dehwe. Mutengo wayo wakachipa uye mwero wekushandisa wakakwira. Nekushandurwa kweiyo nzira inogadzirwawo kuita magiredhi akasiyana emhando, senge inotengeswa kunze maviri akaturikidzana ematehwe, nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika maitiro, yakagadzikana mhando, mhando dzakasiyana uye humwe hunhu, hwepamusoro-giredhi dehwe, mutengo uye giredhi hazvisi. pasi pekutanga kwedehwe. PU matehwe uye mabhegi chaiwo ematehwe ane maitiro avo, mabhegi ematehwe ePU anotaridzika akanaka, ari nyore kutarisira, mutengo wakaderera, asi usingapfeki, nyore kuputsika; Dehwe chairo rinodhura uye rinonetsa kutarisira, asi rinogara.
Mucheka wematehwe uye PVC yakagadzirwa nematehwe, pu synthetic leather ine nzira mbiri dzekusiyanisa: kutanga, chiyero chekunyorova kweganda, ganda rakanyanya kunyorova, pu yakaoma, saka mazhinji epu anoshandiswa mune shangu dzematehwe; Chechipiri ndechokushandisa nzira yekupisa uye kunyunguduka kusiyanisa, nzira yacho ndeyokutora chidimbu chiduku chejira pamoto, jira rematehwe harizonyunguduki, uye PVC yakagadzirwa neganda, PU synthetic leather ichanyunguduka.
Musiyano uripo pakati pePVC yeganda rekugadzira uye PU synthetic leather inogona kusiyaniswa nenzira yekunyura mupeturu, iyo nzira ndeyekushandisa chidimbu chejira, kuchiisa mupeturu kwehafu yeawa, wozochiburitsa kunze, kana chiri. PVC yedehwe rekugadzira, inova yakaoma uye ine brittle, kana iri PU synthetic dehwe, haizoome uye brittle.
Matehwe echisikigo nekuda kweakanakisa maitiro echisikigo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva uye zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri, asi nekukura kwehuwandu hwepasirese, kudiwa kwevanhu kwematehwe kwakapetwa kaviri, nhamba shoma yematehwe echisikigo yave kwenguva refu isingakwanisi kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevanhu. . Kuti agadzirise kupokana uku, masayendisiti akatanga kutsvagisa uye kugadzira matehwe ekugadzira uye ekugadzira dehwe makumi emakore apfuura kuti agadzirise kushomeka kwematehwe echisikigo. Iyo nhoroondo yeanopfuura makore makumi mashanu ekutsvagisa maitiro ekugadzira matehwe uye ekugadzira matehwe anonetsa echisikigo dehwe.
Masayendisiti akatanga nekudzidza nekuongorora maumbirwo emakemikari uye kurongeka kwematehwe echisikigo, kutanga nenitrocellulose linoleum, uye kupinda muPVC yematehwe ekugadzira, inova chizvarwa chekutanga cheganda rekugadzira. Pahwaro uhwu, masayendisiti akaita kuvandudzwa kwakawanda uye kuongorora, kutanga kune zvese, kuvandudzwa kweiyo substrate, uyezve kugadziridzwa nekuvandudzwa kweiyo coating resin. Pakazosvika ma1970, jira risiri rakarukwa refiber yakagadzirwa rakaonekwa richida kupinda mumambure, richibatana mumambure uye mamwe maitiro, kuitira kuti hwaro hwezvinhu huve nechikamu chakaita selotus, hollow fiber, kuwana porous chimiro, uye kusangana netiweki chimiro zvinodiwa. natural leather; Panguva iyoyo, iyo pamusoro peganda rekugadzira yakakwanisa kuwana micro-porous polyurethane layer, iyo yakaenzana neiyo gorosi pamusoro peganda rechisikigo, kuitira kuti chitarisiko uye chimiro chemukati chePU synthetic dehwe zvishoma nezvishoma pedyo neakasikwa. ganda, mamwe maitiro emuviri ari pedyo nendekisi yeganda rechisikigo, uye ruvara rwakanyanya kupenya kupfuura ganda rechisikigo; Kupeta kupeta pane tembiricha yekamuri kunosvika kanopfuura miriyoni imwe nguva, uye kupeta kupeta pakudziya kwakaderera kunogonawo kusvika padanho reganda rechisikigo.
Kubuda kwe microfiber PU synthetic dehwe chizvarwa chechitatu chematehwe ekugadzira. Iro jira risiri rakarukwa rematatu-dimensional dhizaini network rinogadzira mamiriro eganda rekugadzira kuti ribate neganda rechisikigo maererano ne substrate. Ichi chigadzirwa, chakasanganiswa neichangobva kugadzirwa PU slurry impregnation ine yakavhurika sero chimiro uye tekinoroji yekugadzira yecomposite pamusoro pedenga, inopa yakakura nzvimbo uye kunyudzwa kwemvura kwakasimba kweiyo microfiber, zvichiita iyo yekupedzisira-yakanaka PU yeganda rekugadzira kuve neyakagadzika kunyorova kwemvura. hunhu hwematehwe echisikigo emasumbu e-ultra-fine collagen fiber, kuitira kuti zvisinei nemukati memicrostructure, Kana kutaridzika kwechimiro uye hunhu hwemuviri uye nekupfeka kwevanhu kunyaradza, zvinogona kufananidzwa nepamusoro-giredhi rechisikigo dehwe. Uye zvakare, iyo microfiber synthetic dehwe inodarika ganda rechisikigo mukupikisa kwemakemikari, kufanana kwemhando, kugadzirwa kwakakura uye kugadzirisa kuchinjika, kusapinda kwemvura, anti-mildew nezvimwe zvinhu.
Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti zvakanakisa zvimiro zveganda rekugadzira hazvigone kutsiviwa nematehwe echisikigo, kubva pakuongorora kwemusika wepamba nekune dzimwe nyika, ganda rekugadzira rakatsivawo nhamba huru yematehwe echisikigo asina kukwana zviwanikwa. Kushandiswa kwematehwe ekugadzira uye ganda rekugadzira kuita mabhegi, zvipfeko, shangu, mota uye kushongedza fenicha, kwave kuwedzera kuzivikanwa nemusika, huwandu hwayo hwekushandisa, huwandu hweakakura, akawanda marudzi, ndiyo yechinyakare ganda ganda harigone. kusangana.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-29-2024