Historical Origins uye Basic Definitions: Nzira mbiri Dzakasiyana Tekinoroji
Kuti tinzwisise mutsauko uripo pakati pezviviri izvi, isu chekutanga tinoda kutsvaga nhoroondo dzebudiriro yavo, iyo inotaridza yavo yakakosha tekinoroji pfungwa.
1. PVC Leather: The Pioneer of Synthetic Leather
Nhoroondo yePVC yematehwe inodzokera kuzana ramakore re19. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chinhu chepolymer, chakawanikwa kare 1835 neFrench chemist Henri Victor Regnault uye akagadzirwa nekambani yeGerman Griesheim-Elektron mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20. Nekudaro, kushandiswa kwayo kwechokwadi mukutevedzera kwematehwe hakuna kutanga kusvika Hondo Yenyika II.
Hondo yakakonzera kushomeka kwezvekushandisa, kunyanya matehwe echisikigo. Matehwe echisikigo ainyanya kupihwa kumauto, zvichisiya musika wevanhu wakaderera zvakanyanya. Uyu mukaha wekuda wakakosha wakakurudzira kugadzirwa kwedzimwe nzira. MaGermany akatanga kushandiswa kwePVC yakavharwa pachigadziko chejira, ichigadzira dehwe rekutanga renyika. Ichi chinyorwa, nekuramba kwayo kwemvura, kusimba, uye kucheneswa zviri nyore, yakakurumidza kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakaita senge mikwende neshangu.
Tsanangudzo Yekutanga: PVC dehwe chinhu chakafanana nedehwe chinogadzirwa nekuputira kana kuisa calender musara wepaste-like resin musanganiswa wepolyvinyl chloride resin, plasticizers, stabilizers, uye pigments pajira substrate (senge akarukwa, akarukwa, uye asina kurukwa). Izvo zvinhu zvinobva zvaita senge gelation, kupupa furo, embossing, uye kurapwa kwepamusoro. Nheyo yeiyi nzira iri mukushandiswa kwepolyvinyl chloride resin.
2. PU Leather: Mutsva Ari Pedyo neGenuine Leather
PU dehwe rakabuda angangoita makumi maviri emakore mushure mePVC. Polyurethane (PU) chemistry yakagadzirwa neGerman chemist Otto Bayer nevamwe vake muna 1937 uye yakakurumidza kugadzirwa mushure meHondo Yenyika II. Kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji yemakemikari mumakore ekuma1950 nema1960 kwakatungamira mukugadzirwa kwematehwe ekugadzira achishandisa polyurethane.
PU synthetic dehwe tekinoroji yakawana kufambira mberi nekukurumidza muJapan neSouth Korea muma1970s. Kunyanya, makambani eJapan akagadzira machira emicrofiber (akapfupikiswa se "microfiber leather") ane microstructure inofanana nedehwe rechokwadi. Kubatanidza izvi ne polyurethane impregnation uye maitiro ekuputira, ivo vakagadzira "microfiber PU yematehwe," iyo maitiro ayo akafanana nematehwe echokwadi uye anotoipfuura mune zvimwe zvinhu. Izvi zvinoonekwa seshanduko mukugadzirwa kwematehwe tekinoroji.
Tsanangudzo Yekutanga: PU dehwe chinhu chakafanana nedehwe chakagadzirwa kubva pachigadziko chejira (yenguva dzose kana microfiber), chakaputirwa kana kuisirwa neturu yepolyurethane resin, inoteverwa nekuomeswa, kusimba, uye kurapwa kwepamusoro. Nheyo yeiyi nzira iri mukushandiswa kwepolyurethane resin. PU resin ndeye thermoplastic, inobvumira kuti iwedzere kuchinjika kugadzirisa uye hukuru hwechigadzirwa kuita.
Summary: Nhoroondo, PVC dehwe rakatanga se "nguva yehondo yekukurumidza," kugadzirisa nyaya yekuwanikwa. PU dehwe, kune rumwe rutivi, chigadzirwa chekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, ichivavarira kugadzirisa nyaya yemhando uye kutsvaga pedyo-yakafanana kutarisa kwedehwe rechokwadi. Iyi nheyo yenhoroondo yakapesvedzera zvakanyanya nzira dzinotevera dzebudiriro uye maitiro echigadzirwa ezvose zviri zviviri.
II. Core Kemikari Kuumbwa uye Kugadzira Maitiro: Mudzi weMusiyano
Musiyano wakakoshesesa pakati pezviviri izvi uri mumasisitimu avo eresin, ayo, se "genetic code," anosarudza zvese zvinotevera zvivakwa.
1. Chemical Composition Comparison
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride):
Chinhu chikuru: Polyvinyl chloride resin poda. Iyi i polar, amorphous polymer iyo yakagara yakaoma uye ine brittle.
Key Additives:
Plasticizer: Uyu ndiwo "mweya" wePVC dehwe. Kuti iite kuti ishanduke uye inogadziriswa, yakawanda yeplasticizers (kazhinji 30% kusvika 60% nehuremu) inofanira kuwedzerwa. Plasticizers mamorekuru madiki akadzika pakati pePVC macromolecule cheni, achinetesa intermolecular masimba uye nekudaro achiwedzera kushanduka kwezvinhu uye plastiki. Mapurasitiki anowanzo shandiswa anosanganisira phthalates (akadai seDOP neDBP) uye mapurasitiki ane hushamwari zvakatipoteredza (akadai seDOTP uye citrate esters).
Heat Stabilizer: PVC haina kugadzikana uye inokurumidza kuora pakugadzirisa tembiricha, ichiburitsa hydrogen chloride (HCl), zvichiita kuti zvinhu zviyere nekudzikisira. Stabilizers senge lead salt uye calcium zinc inodiwa kudzivirira kuora. Zvimwe: Zvinosanganisira mafuta ekuzora, mafirita, pigment, nezvimwe.
PU (Polyurethane):
Chinhu chikuru: Polyurethane resin. Inogadzirwa kuburikidza nekuita kwepolymerization ye polyisocyanates (senge MDI, TDI) uye polyols (polyester polyols kana polyether polyols). Nekugadzirisa iyo raw material formula uye reshiyo, zvimiro zvechigadzirwa chekupedzisira, senge kuoma, elasticity, uye kupfeka kuramba, zvinogona kunyatsodzorwa.
Makiyi Mamiriro: PU resin inogona kuve yakapfava uye elastic, kazhinji inoda kwete kana kushoma kuwedzera kweplasticizers. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuumbwa kwePU yematehwe kuve nyore uye kugadzikana.
Yakananga Impact yeChemical Differences: PVC inorema kuvimba nemaplasticizers ndiyo inokonzera kukanganisa kwayo kwakawanda (sekunzwa kwakaoma, brittleness, uye kunetseka kwezvakatipoteredza). PU, kune rumwe rutivi, yakananga "engineered" kuendesa izvo zvinodiwa kuburikidza nemakemikari synthesis, kubvisa kudiwa kwediki mamorekuru ekuwedzera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuita kwayo kwakanyanya uye kwakagadzikana.
2. Production Process Kuenzanisa
Nzira yekugadzira ndiyo yakakosha pakubudirira kwayo. Kunyange zvazvo maitiro maviri akafanana, nheyo dzepakati dzinosiyana. PVC yeganda rekugadzira maitiro (uchishandisa coating semuenzaniso):
Zvisungo: PVC poda, plasticizer, stabilizer, pigment, etc. zvinosanganiswa mumusanganiswa wepamusoro-soro kuti uite yunifomu paste.
Coating: Iyo PVC paste inoiswa zvakaenzana kune base jira uchishandisa spatula.
Gelation / Plasticization: Zvinhu zvakaputirwa zvinopinda muvheni yepamusoro-soro (kazhinji 170-200 ° C). Pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya, iyo PVC resin particles inotora plasticizer uye inonyunguduka, ichigadzira inoenderera, yunifomu yefirimu layer inosungirira zvakasimba kumucheka wepasi. Iyi nzira inonzi "gelation" kana "plasticization."
Kurapa Kwepamusoro: Mushure mekutonhodza, zvinhu zvinopfuudzwa kuburikidza ne embossing roller kuti ipe akasiyana ematehwe manyoro (senge lychee zviyo uye zviyo zvemakwai). Chekupedzisira, kupedzisa kwepamusoro kunowanzo shandiswa, senge spray-paPU lacquer (kureva, PVC/PU composite dehwe) kunatsiridza kunzwa uye kupfeka kuramba, kana kudhinda nekupenda. PU dehwe rekugadzira maitiro (uchishandisa yakanyorova uye yakaoma maitiro semuenzaniso):
Maitiro ekugadzira ePU dehwe akanyanya kuomarara uye akaomarara, uye kune nzira mbiri huru:
Dry-process PU dehwe:
Polyurethane resin inonyungudutswa muzvinonyungudutsa zvakaita seDMF (dimethylformamide) kuita slurry.
Iyo slurry inobva yaiswa kune yekusunungura liner (yakakosha bepa rine patterned surface).
Kupisa kunoputira iyo solvent, zvichiita kuti polyurethane isimbise kuita firimu, ichiita pateni pane yekuburitsa liner.
Rimwe divi rinobva rave laminated kune mucheka wepasi. Mushure mekuchembera, liner yekuburitsa inobviswa, zvichikonzera PU dehwe rine rakapfava pateni.
Wet-process PU dehwe (hwaro):
Polyurethane resin slurry inoshandiswa zvakananga kumucheka wepasi.
Iro jira rinobva ranyudzwa mumvura (DMF uye mvura zvinosanganiswa). Mvura inoita seyakagadzika, ichibvisa iyo DMF kubva kune slurry, zvichiita kuti polyurethane resin isimbise uye iwedzere. Munguva iyi, polyurethane inoumba porous microsphere-yakaita chimiro chakazadzwa negasi, ichipa yakanyorova-yakagadzika ganda mwando uye kufema, uye yakapfava uye yakapfava inonzwa, inoshamisa yakafanana nedehwe rechokwadi.
Iyo inokonzeresa yakanyorova-yakagadzika dehwe semi-yakapera chigadzirwa chinowanzoitwa yakaoma-yakagadzika maitiro ekugadzirisa zvakanaka pamusoro.
Yakananga Impact yeKusiyana Kwemaitiro: PVC dehwe rinongoumbwa nekuumbwa kwemuviri kunyunguduka, zvichikonzera dense chimiro. PU dehwe, kunyanya kuburikidza nekunyorova-yakaiswa maitiro, inogadzira porous, yakabatana chipanje chimiro. Iyi ndiyo yakakosha tekinoroji mukana inoita kuti PU yematehwe ikwire kupfuura PVC maererano nekufema uye kunzwa.
III. Kuenzanisa Kwekuita Kwakazara: Sarudza zvakajeka kuti Ndeipi iri Nani
Nekuda kwemakemistri akasiyana uye maitiro ekugadzira, PVC uye PU matehwe anoratidza mutsauko wakakura muhunhu hwavo hwemuviri.
-Kunzwa uye kupfava:
- PU dehwe: Yakapfava uye elastic, inoenderana nemacurve emuviri zvirinani, ichipa kunzwa kwakafanana nedehwe rechokwadi.
- PVC dehwe: Zvine huremu uye kushaya elasticity, inomira nyore nyore kana yakakotama, ichipa kunzwa sepurasitiki. - Kufema uye Kunyorova Permeability:
- PU Leather: Inopa yakanakisa kufema uye kunyorova kwemvura, kuchengetedza ganda rakaoma panguva yekupfeka uye kushandiswa, kuderedza kunzwa kwekuzara.
-PVC Leather: Inopa kutadza kufema uye kunyorova kwemvura, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kudikitira, kunyorova, uye kusagadzikana mushure mekushandisa kwenguva refu kana kupfeka.
-Abrasion uye Folding Resistance:
- PU Leather: Inopa yakanakisa abrasion uye kupeta kuramba, kumire imwe dhigirii rekukwenya uye kukotama, uye haibatike kupfeka kana kuputika.
-PVC Leather: Inopa kusakara kwakashata uye kupeta kuramba, uye inowanzopfeka uye kuputika mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinowanzopeta uye kukwesha.
- Hydrolysis Resistance:
- PU Leather: Inopa yakashata hydrolysis kuramba, kunyanya polyester-yakavakirwa PU dehwe, iro rinowanzoita hydrolysis munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, zvichikonzera kuparara kwezvinhu.
-PVC Leather: Inopa yakanakisa hydrolysis kuramba, inochinjika zvakanyanya kune hunyoro nharaunda, uye haina kukuvadzwa nyore nehydrolysis. - Temperature Resistance:
- PU Leather: Inowanzo kunamatira pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kuomesa patembiricha yakaderera. Inonzwa kushanduka kwetembiricha uye ine tembiricha yekushanda yakatetepa.
- PVC Leather: Iyo ine zvirinani kupisa tembiricha uye inochengetedza kuita kwakadzikama pane yakafara tembiricha renji, asi zvakare ine njodzi yeku brittleness pane yakaderera tembiricha.
-Environment Performance:
- PU Leather: Iyo yakawanda biodegradable pane PVC dehwe. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinogona kunge zvine zvidiki zvakasara zveorganic solvent, senge DMF, panguva yekugadzira, asi kuita kwayo kwese kwemamiriro ekunze kwakanaka.
- PVC Leather: Haina hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, ine chlorine. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinogona kunge zvine zvinhu zvinokuvadza senge heavy metals. Panguva yekugadzira nekushandisa, inogona kuburitsa magasi anokuvadza, ayo anogona kunge aine zvimwe zvinokanganisa nharaunda uye hutano hwevanhu.
Chitarisiko uye Ruvara
- PU Leather: Inouya mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemavara, ine yakanaka kugadzikana kwemavara uye haisi nyore kupera. Mamiriro ayo epamusoro uye maitiro akasiyana, uye anogona kutevedzera akasiyana ematehwe ematehwe, akadai sedehwe remombe uye makwai, uye anogona zvakare kugadzirwa ane akasiyana mapatani uye magadzirirwo kuti asangane neakasiyana dhizaini zvinodiwa. - PVC dehwe: Inowanikwawo mumhando dzakasiyana dzemavara, asi zvishoma yakaderera kune PU ganda maererano nekujeka kwemavara uye kugadzikana. Mamiriro ayo epamusoro ari nyore, anowanzo kutsetseka kana ane nyore embossing, zvichiita kuti zviome kuwana kutaridzika kwechokwadi kwePU dehwe.
Hupenyu hurefu
- PU dehwe: Hupenyu hwayo kazhinji 2-5 makore, zvichienderana nenharaunda uye kuwanda kwekushandiswa. Nekushandiswa kwakajairwa uye kugadzirisa, zvigadzirwa zvematehwe zvePU zvinochengetedza kutaridzika kwavo kwakanaka uye kuita.
- PVC dehwe: Hupenyu hwayo hupfupi, kazhinji makore 2-3. Nekuda kwekusasimba kwayo, inogara ichichembera uye kukuvadzwa nekushandiswa kazhinji kana nharaunda dzakaomarara.
Mutengo uye Mutengo
- PU dehwe: Mutengo wayo wakakwira kupfuura PVC yematehwe, ingangoita 30% -50% yakakwirira. Mutengo waro unosiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sekugadzira maitiro, mbishi yemhando yemhando, uye mhando. Kazhinji, yepakati-kusvika yepamusoro-yekupedzisira PU zvigadzirwa zvematehwe zvinodhura.
- PVC dehwe: Mutengo wayo wakadzikira, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yematehwe ekugadzira anotengwa pamusika. Kukosha kwayo kwemutengo kunoita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvinodhura.
Performance Summary:
PVC dehwe zvakanakira zvinosanganisira kukwirira kupfeka kuramba, kuoma kwakanyanya, mutengo wakaderera zvakanyanya, uye nyore kugadzira maitiro. Iyo yakanakisa "functional material".
Yakanakira PU yedehwe inosanganisira kunzwa kwakapfava, kufema, kunyorova kwemvura, kutonhora uye kuchembera kuramba, hunhu hwakanaka hwemuviri, uye hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza. Iyo yakanakisa "chiitiko zvinhu," yakanangana nekutevedzera uye kupfuura zvinonzwa zvimiro zvedehwe rechokwadi.
IV. Mamiriro Ekushandisa: Kusiyanisa neKuita
Zvichienderana nehunhu hwekuita huri pamusoro, vaviri ava vane chimiro chakasiyana uye kupatsanurwa kwevashandi mumusika wekushandisa. Main Applications yePVC Leather:
Mitoro uye Mabhegi Emaoko: Kunyanya mabhegi akaoma uye mabhegi anoda chimiro chakagadziriswa, pamwe chete nemabhegi ekufambisa uye mabhegi anoda kuramba kupfeka.
Zvishandiso zveShangu: Inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzisingabatanidzi dzakadai semakumbo, zvidzitiro zvepamusoro, uye zvigaro, pamwe chete nehombodo dzemvura yakaderera uye shangu dzebasa.
Furnicha uye Kushongedzwa: Inoshandiswa panzvimbo dzisiri dzekubatana dzakadai semashure, mativi, uye pasi pemasofa nemacheya, pamwe nemuzvifambiso zvevoruzhinji (mabhazi uye metro) zvigaro, uko kunonyanya kukwirisa kusapfeka uye mutengo wakaderera unokosheswa. Zvivharo zvemadziro, zvifukidzo zvepasi, etc. Zvemotokari Interiors: Zvishoma nezvishoma zvichitsiviwa nePU, ichiri kushandiswa mune dzimwe mhando dzakaderera kana munzvimbo dzisinganyanyi kukosha dzakadai semapuranga emasuo uye trunk mats.
Zvigadzirwa zveindasitiri: Mabhegi emidziyo, zvivharo zvekudzivirira, zvivharo zvemidziyo, nezvimwe.
Main Applications yePU Leather:
Shoe Materials: Mhedziso musika mukuru. Inoshandiswa mukumusoro kwemateki, shangu dzenguva dzose, uye shangu dzematehwe nekuti inopa kufema kwakanyanya, kupfava, uye kutaridzika kwakanaka.
Zvipfeko uye Mafashoni: Mabhachi ematehwe, bhurukwa rematehwe, masiketi ematehwe, magirovhosi, nezvimwe. Kudhirowa kwayo kwakanaka uye kunyaradza kunoita kuti ive inofarirwa muindasitiri yezvipfeko.
Fenicha uye Midziyo Yepamba: Masofa ematehwe epamusoro-soro, macheya ekudyira, matafura epadivi pemubhedha, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinosangana nemuviri. Microfiber PU dehwe rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigaro zvemotokari zvigaro, mavhiri ekutungamirira, uye dashibhodhi, ichipa pedyo-chaiyo yedehwe chiitiko.
Mitoro uye Zvishandiso: Mabhegi epamusoro-soro, wallet, mabhandi, nezvimwewo. Mamiriro ayo akanaka uye manzwiro anogona kugadzira chiitiko chaicho.
Yemagetsi Chigadzirwa Packaging: Inoshandiswa mumabhegi elaptop, mahedhifoni makesi, magirazi makesi, nezvimwewo, kuenzanisa kuchengetedza uye aesthetics.
Market Positioning:
PVC dehwe rakasimba rakabata chinzvimbo chakasimba mumusika wakaderera uye muzvikamu zveindasitiri zvinoda kunyanyisa kupfeka kuramba. Mutengo wayo-yekuita reshiyo haina kufananidzwa.
PU dehwe, kune rumwe rutivi, inotonga yepakati-kusvika-yepamusoro-yekupedzisira musika uye inoramba ichinetsa musika wepamusoro waimbotongwa nedehwe rechokwadi. Iyo isarudzo yakajairwa yekuvandudza kwevatengi uye seimwe nzira kune yedehwe rechokwadi.
V. Mutengo uye Musika Maitiro
Mutengo:
Mutengo wekugadzira wePVC dehwe wakadzikira zvakanyanya pane wePU dehwe. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nemitengo yakaderera yezvigadzirwa zvakaita sePVC resin uye plasticizers, pamwe nekushomeka kwesimba rekushandisa uye nyore kugadzira maitiro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mutengo wekupedzwa kwePVC dehwe unowanzo hafu kana kunyange chikamu chimwe muzvitatu cheiyo yePU dehwe.
Market Trends:
PU dehwe rinoramba richikura, nepo PVC yematehwe ichiramba ichidzikira: Pasi rose, kunyanya munyika dzakabudirira, PU yematehwe iri kuramba ichibvisa musika wePVC wematehwe nekuda kwekuwedzera kuomesera kwemitemo yezvakatipoteredza (senge EU REACH mutemo unorambidza phthalates) uye kuwedzera kudiwa kwevatengi kwemhando yechigadzirwa uye kunyaradza. Kukura kweganda rePVC kunonyanya kutariswa munyika dzichiri kusimukira uye muzvikamu zvinodhura zvakanyanya. Kudzivirirwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye budiriro inoenderera yave hukuru hwekutyaira:
Bio-based PU, mvura-based PU (solvent-isina), plasticizer-isina PVC, uye eco-inoshamwaridzika plasticizers dzave dzekutsvaga nekusimudzira hotspots. Varidzi vema brand vari kuwedzerawo kukoshesa kudzokororwa kwezvinhu.
Microfiber PU dehwe (microfiber leather) ndiyo ramangwana maitiro:
Microfiber dehwe rinoshandisa microfiber base jira rine chimiro chakafanana necollagen fibers yedehwe rechokwadi, ichipa mashandiro ayo anoswedera kana kutopfuura dehwe chairo. Iyo inozivikanwa se "chizvarwa chechitatu cheganda rekugadzira." Iyo inomiririra iyo yepamusoro yekugadzirwa kwematekinoroji tekinoroji uye ndiyo yakakosha nzira yekusimudzira yemusika wepamusoro-soro. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune yepamusoro-yekupedzisira mota dzemukati, shangu dzemitambo, zvinhu zveumbozha, uye mamwe minda.
Functional Innovation:
Ose ari maviri PVC nePU ari kugadzira anoshanda maficha senge antibacterial, mildew-proof, flame-retardant, UV-resistant, uye hydrolysis-inodzivirira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinodiwa zvemashandisirwo chaiwo.
VI. Nzira yekusiyanisa PVC Leather kubva PU Leather
Kune vatengi nevatengi, kugona nzira dzakareruka dzekuzivikanwa kunoshanda chaizvo.
Combustion Method (Yakanyanya Kurongeka):
PVC Leather: Yakaoma kupisa, inodzima pakarepo kana yabviswa kubva mumurazvo. Nheyo yemurazvo yakasvibira uye ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba, kunhuhwirira kwehydrochloric acid (sepurasitiki inopisa). Inoomesa nekusviba mushure mekutsva.
PU dehwe: Rinopfuta, rine murazvo weyero. Iine kunhuhwirira kwakafanana nemvere dzemakwai kana pepa rinopisa (nekuda kwekuvapo kweester uye amino mapoka). Inopfava uye inonamira mushure mekutsva.
Cherechedza: Iyi nzira inogona kutarisa
PVC dehwe uye PU ganda haisi nyaya ye "yakanaka" maringe ne "yakaipa." Panzvimbo iyoyo, izvo zvigadzirwa zviviri zvakagadziridzwa zvichibva pane izvo zvinodikanwa zveakasiyana eras uye tekinoroji kufambira mberi, chimwe nechimwe chine zvikonzero zvayo uye zvingangoita mashandisiro.
PVC dehwe rinomiririra chiyero chekupedzisira pakati pemutengo uye kusimba. Iyo inoramba yakatsiga mumashandisirwo uko kunyaradza uye kuita kwezvakatipoteredza kusinganyanyi kukosha, asi uko kupfeka kuramba, kuramba mvura, uye mutengo wakaderera ndizvo zvakakosha. Ramangwana rayo riri mukugadzirisa njodzi dzayo dzezvakatipoteredza uye hutano kuburikidza neyakatenderedza plasticizers uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, nekudaro ichichengetedza chinzvimbo chayo sechinhu chinoshanda.
PU dehwe isarudzo yepamusoro yekunyaradza uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Inomiririra kuvandudzwa kwematehwe ekugadzira. Kuburikidza nekuenderera mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, yakapfuura PVC maererano nekunzwa, kufema, zvimiro zvemuviri, uye kuita kwezvakatipoteredza, ikava nzira yakakosha kune yedehwe rechokwadi uye kuwedzera kunaka kwezvinhu zvevatengi. Microfiber PU yematehwe, kunyanya, iri kudzima mitsara pakati peganda rekugadzira uye rechokwadi, kuvhura maapplication matsva ekupedzisira.
Pakusarudza chigadzirwa, vatengi nevagadziri havafanire kungoenzanisa mutengo asi kuita mutongo wakakwana zvichienderana nekupera kwechigadzirwa kushandiswa, zvinodikanwa zvekutonga mumusika unotangwa, kuzvipira kwemhando yezvakatipoteredza, uye ruzivo rwemushandisi. Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa misiyano yavo chete ndipo patinokwanisa kuita sarudzo yakachenjera uye yakakodzera. Mune ramangwana, sezvo tekinoroji yemidziyo inofambira mberi, tinogona kuona "yechina-nechishanu-chizvarwa" matehwe ekugadzira ane kunyangwe kuita zvirinani uye hushamwari hwakakura hwezvakatipoteredza. Nekudaro, iyo inopfuura hafu yezana-yemakore-yakareba kukwikwidza uye inowirirana chimiro chePVC nePU chicharamba chiri chitsauko chinonakidza munhoroondo yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-12-2025
